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Recarburisers

Recarburisers serve the purpose to adjust the required carbon content in liquid iron. There are various types of raw materials, differing in grain shapes, grain sizes, etc. The following table shows typical analytical results of the most common carbon sources.

Chemical composition (typical values)

Recarburising MaterialCarbon contentSulphurNitrogenAsh contentVolatile contentMoisture
Low sulphur content LS      
High purity, synthetic graphite99,00%0,015%0,003%0,10%0,10%0,01%
Synthetic graphite99,00%0,040%0,010%0,50%0,20%0,30%
Low sulphur petroleum coke99,55%0,100%0,07%0,05%0,20%0,20%
Graphitised petroleum coke98,90%0,070%0,040%0,50%0,40%0,20%
Natural graphite87,30%0,100%0,020%11,00%1,00%0,70%
Acetylene coke pellets a. granule99,25%0,030%0,030%0,10%0,40%0,25%
Low sulphur pellets98,10%0,080%0,050%0,50%1,30%0,10%
Medium sulphur content MS      
Electrically calcined anthracite95,57%0,250%0,400%4,00%0,23%0,20%
Carbon pellets98,80%0,700%0,500%0,10%1,00%0,10%
Higher sulphur content HS      
High sulphur petroleum coke99,30%1,200%1,000%0,20%0,30%0,20%
High nitrogen petroleum coke98,90%1,100%1,750%0,40%0,50%0,20%
Metallurgical coke      
Metallurgical coke85,20%1,000%1,500%13,00%1,50%0,30%

Solubility of carbon

The solubility of carbon depends on the interaction of the saturation level, the temperature and the time. Furthermore the agitation of the furnace, the slag content of the melt, sulphur content of the iron alloy and of the recarburiser as well as the carbon structure influence the solubility.

Sulphur content of the recarburiser

With recarburisers special attention to the sulphur content is important. The basic rule is, the lower the sulphur content, the higher the raw material costs. It is often observed that excessively low sulphur levels are targeted in iron and steel melts, which does not provide a tangible added value for the production of the relevant alloy.

Under ideal circumstances and besides the solubility, also the sulphur content of the recarburiser should be adjusted according to the application.

The diagram and the sample chart below show the sulphurisation of the base iron through the recarburiser with <0,05% S,  0,15% S up to <0,5% S. It becomes clear that a recarburiser like Procarb LS with <0,15% S – i.e. a product in the middle price segment – offers a better value for money than the carburisation with i.e. Premco SG, 0,05% S, a product with higher raw material costs.

 Content in kgContent %S-Cont. % of chargekg-S of charge
GJS composition with recarburiser <0,05%S – i.e. Premco SG    
Scrap steel500050,00%0,010%0,50
Returns350035,00%0,008%0,28
Pig iron110011,00%0,010%0,11
FeSi and other alloys2502,50%0,000%0,00
Recarburiser1501,50%0,050%0,08
Sum10000100%0,0097%0,97
GJS composition with recarburiser <0,15%S – i.e. Procarb LS    
Scrap steel500050,00%0,010%0,50
Returns350035,00%0,008%0,28
Pig iron110011,00%0,010%0,11
FeSi and other alloys2502,50%0,000%0,00
Recarburiser1501,50%0,150%0,23
Sum10000100%0,0112%1,12
GJS composition with recarburiser <0,5%S – i.e. Procarb 99    
Scrap steel500050,00%0,010%0,50
Returns350035,00%0,008%0,28
Pig iron110011,00%0,010%0,11
FeSi and other alloys2502,50%0,000%0,00
Recarburiser1501,50%0,500%0,75
Sum10000100%0,0164%1,64

Packaging

The material should be packed in a standard, convenient bag size. Usual package sizes are:

  • 12,5 kg bags
  • 25 kg bags
  • 500 kg Big Bags
  • 1.000 kg Big Bags

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